Mild winter days are the best time to prune deciduous trees while they are dormant and before sap rises. Use loppers or a hand saw to remove branches that are diseased, dead or rubbing. Cut to leave a collar where the removed branch joins the trunk.
Rosebushes should be pruned in late winter before buds start to break. Use pruners to remove canes that are inward-growing and diseased. The object is to leave five to seven main canes cut to about 18 inches above the ground. Make a slanted cut just above an outward-facing bud. This is a job for thick gloves and long sleeves.